Crystal Coast Ocean Resort The Crystal Coast Ocean Resort (CCOR) is a large, family-owned resort located on one of the finest beaches in North Carolina. The Resort is locally called the “Ramada Inn: Crystal Coast Ocean Resort”, because it has a contractual relationship with Ramada Inn, Inc which requires Ramada to provide reservation services and certain marketing services. In turn CCOR pays an annual fee to Ramada and displays the Ramada Inn sign. Ramada has the right, under contract, to require CCOR to meet Ramada standards for resort services, cleanliness, etc, and regularly visits CCOR to make sure that these standards are being met. CCOR’s main building has a T-configuration, where the top of the T is road-side and the bottom of the T is at the beach. This allows all rooms to have at least a partial view of the beach. There are five types of rooms for guests, ocean front (actually facing the ocean, at the bottom of the T), ocean view (along the sides of the T), pool side (first floor, with patios having direct access to the pool), and one and two bedroom suites that are located at the top of the T. These rooms are distributed as follows. No. of Rooms Ocean front 50 Ocean view 250 Pool Side 18 One Bedroom Suite 16 Two Bedroom Suite 16 350 The season for CCOR is year-round because of the mild winters, though the occupancy rates vary from 100% during the summer months to less than 50% in the winter months. The average annual occupancy rate for each type of rooms is 80%, 75%, 60%, 50% and 50% for the ocean front, ocean view, pool side, one room and two room suites, respectively. Because the Resort is popular with families, the average number of persons per room is greater than for some other motels or hotels. The average number of occupants is three for the ocean front, ocean view, and pool side rooms, four for the one bedroom suite, and 6 for the two bedroom suite. The suite are also somewhat larger, 500 square feet for the one bedroom suite, and 900 square feet for the two bedroom suite, while all other room are 300 square feet. CCOR does not have some of the amenities of competing resorts, but instead competes on value pricing and reliable service. It does not offer special services such as room service, exercise room, restaurant, or lounge but it sets high standards for room cleanliness and for the appearance and cleanliness of the pool and grounds. Also, CCOR offer a free breakfast and a free afternoon snack. Because of high demand in summer months, CCOR sets relatively high market prices during this season, ranging from $125 to $350 per room depending on room type and day of week. Prices are lower in the fall and spring, and substantially lower in the winter. In order to have better information about price setting and profitability analysis for each of the five room types: ocean front, ocean view, pool side, one bedroom and two bedroom suites, CCOR has gathered additional information to help it determine the cost for each occupied room. Les Broom, the accounting manager, assembled the following data. The data includes information on the four annual resource costs taken directly from CCOR’s accounting reports, as well as activity and cost driver information developed by Les. Annual Resource Costs at CCOR Facilities Cost – Utilities $ 210,000 Other Facilities Costs Depreciation 800,000 Tax 500,000 Interest 600,000 Total $ 1,900,000 General and Administrative Accounting 165,000 General Administration 155,000 Purchasing and HR 88,000 Total $ 408,000 Hotel Operations Wages 1,500,000 Supplies 180,000 Equipment and repair 240,000 Total $ 1,920,000 The following is a list of the nine activities at CCOR identified by Les, as well as information he developed to assign resource costs to these activities. Les performed a careful analysis and determined the approximate percentage of each type of resource costs that could be allocated to each of the nine activities. Activities Utilities Other Facilities Gen and Adm Operations Housekeeping 5% 5% 20% Laundry 10% 10% 10% Grounds and Pool 40% 20% 10% Registration 15% 20% Breakfast room 10% 15% 10% Administration 5% 20% 0% Security 5% 10% 10% Room repair and maintenance 10% 20% 20% Utilities 100% 0% 0% 0% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Resources The following activity-consumption cost drivers are used to assign activity costs to cost objects: Activities Cost Driver Housekeeping square feet Laundry number of occupants Grounds and Pool number of rooms Registration number of occupied rooms Breakfast room number of occupants Administration number of occupied rooms Security number of rooms Room repair and maintenance square feet Utilities square feet The cost drivers are interpreted as follows. Housekeeping costs are allocated to the room type based on the number of square feet in the room. Laundry is allocated to the room type based on the number of occupants in that room type for the year. Grounds and pool expenses are allocated an equal amount to each room. Registration is allocated on the basis of the number of occupied rooms, that is, the number of nights a room type is occupied). The other activities are allocated using the cost drivers in a similar way.. In addition to the cost of the nine activities, CCOR has direct costs for each type of room, as shown below. These direct costs are incurred each night a room is occupied. These costs are called “external units” in the Oros software. External Units (Direct Costs) Oceanfront Oceanview Pool Side 1 Room Suite 2 Room Suite Kitchenware replacement/repair $ 2.00 $ 3.00 Complimentary toiletries $ 2.00 $ 2 .00 $ 2.00 $ 3.00 $ 4.00 Complimentary coffee and tea $ 3.00 $ 3 .00 $ 3.00 $ 5.00 $ 8.00 Require: Comment on what management insights are created with the ABC analysis of profitability by room type and show your reasons and computations .

[removed] Mrs. Orlof teaches two history classes, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. Yesterday she gave the same test to both classes. Anyone who failed the test must take a retest. Since a greater percentage of students who took the morning test failed the test than students who took the afternoon test, more of Orlof’s morning history students than afternoon history students will have to take the retest. The conclusion above is not necessarily valid because

Review the annual reports for PepsiCo, Inc. and The Coca-Cola Company in Appendixes A & B, especially the Consolidated Statements of Income and the Balance Sheets on pp. A4, A6, B1, & B2 of Financial Accounting. Write a 1750- to 2,050-word paper in APA format with citations and references that provides a financial comparison of the two companies and your recommendations to improve the financial status of each. Include the following: • An introductory paragraph with a statement of the purpose of your paper and a synopsis of what readers may expect to find in the paper – It is best to write this after writing the rest of the paper. • Vertical analyses for both companies – You may use your calculations from the Checkpoint Ratio, Vertical, and Horizontal Analyses, providing you show your work. • Horizontal analyses for both companies – You may use your calculations from the Checkpoint Ratio, Vertical, and Horizontal Analyses, providing you show your work.

What is the relationship between one mole and avogadros number

3-Assuming that a one-year call option with an exercise price of $38 is available for the stock of the DEW Corp., consider the following price tree for DEW stock over the next year:

a.         If the sequence of stock prices that DEW stock follows over the year is 40.00, 42.00, 40.32, and 38.71, describe the composition of the initial riskless portfolio of stock and options you would form and all the subsequent adjustments you would have to make to keep this portfolio riskless. Assume the one-year risk-free rate is 6 percent.

 

d. Calculate the value of a one-year put option on DEW stock having an exercise price of $38; be sure your answer is consistent with the correct response to Part c.[Part c Use the binominal option model to calculate the present value of this call option. ]

 

 5. Consider the following questions on the pricing of options on the stock of ARB Inc.:
a- A share of ARB stock sells for $75 and has a standard deviation of returns equal to 20% per year. The current risk-free rate is 9% and the stock pays two dividends: (1) a 2% dividend just prior to the option’s expiration day, which is 91 days from now (i.e., exactly one half year). Calculate the black-Scholes value for European-style call option with an exercise price of $70.
b- What would be the price of a 91-day European-style option on ARB stock having the same exercise price?
c- Calculate the change in the call option’s value that would occur if ARB’s management suddenly decided to suspend dividend payments and this action had no effect on the price of the company’s stock. 
d- Briefly describe ( without calculations) how your answer in part a would differ under the following separate circumstances: (1) the volatility of ARB stock increases to 30%, and (2) the risk free rate decreases to 8%.

 

 

7- Suppose the current value of a popular stock index is 653.50 and the dividend yield on the index is 2.8%. Also, the yield curve is flat at a continuously compounded rate of 5.5%.
a. If you estimate the volatility factor for the index to be 16%, calculate the value of an index call option with an exercise price of 670 and an expiration date in exactly three months.
b. If the actual market price of this option is $17.40, calculate its implied volatility coefficient.
c. Besides volatility estimation error, explain why your valuation and the option’s traded price might differ from one another.

 

 

10- Melissa Simmons is the chief investment officer of a hedge fund specializing in options trading. She is currently back testing various option trading strategies that will allow her to profit from large fluctuations-either up or down-in a stock’s price. An example of such typical trading strategy is straddle strategy that involves the combination of a long call and a long put with an identical strike price and time to maturity. She is considering the following pricing information on securities associated with friend work, a new internet start-up hosting a leading online social network:
Friend work stock: $100
Call option with an exercise price of $100 expiring in one year: $9
Put option with an exercise price of $100 expiring in one year: $8
a. Use the above information on friend work and draw a diagram showing the net profit/loss position at maturity for the straddle strategy. Clearly label on the graph the break-even points of the position.
b. Melissa’s colleague proposes another lower-cost option strategy that would profit from a large fluctuation in friend work’s stock price:
Long call option with an exercise price of $110 expiring in one year: $6
Long put option with an exercise price of $90 expiring in one year: $5 
Similar to part a, draw a diagram showing the net profit/loss position for the above alternative option strategy. Clearly label on the graph the breakeven points of the position.