DISCUSS THE MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PHD AND PSYD TRAINING PROGRAMS.

Publisher:
Prentice Hall

PSY560
Clinical Psychology
Text: Introduction to Clinical Psychology
7th Edition
ISBN-1 0: 0131729675
Authors:

Geoffrey P. Kramer, Douglas A. Bernstein, Vicky Phares

PSY 560 Clinical Psychology

Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. Most clinical assessment instruments fall into which three categories?
observations, self-report measures, therapy
tests, interventions, therapy
interviews, tests, observations
interventions, on-line questionnaires, phone interviews
2. What is the single most frequent activity of clinical psychologists today?
conducting therapy
supervising interns
teaching
research
Which of the following is NOT a reason that most clinical psychology programs
emphasize statistics and research courses and activities?
Clinical psychologists often supervise and evaluate research projects.
It is essential that psychologists know how to critically evaluate published
research.
A clinical psychologist can’t be licensed without their own published research.
It is important that clinicians are aware of current research and trends.
4. Clinical practica are specialized educational opportunities where
students observe their supervisor conducting therapy and discuss the tech-
niques.
students consult with other agencies to broaden their perspectives.
students see clients and then meet with a supervisor on a regular basis.
students attend seminars and construct tests.
According to the text, two types of consultation in which it is common for
clinical psychologists to participate are
private and group.
case and program/administration.
preventative and remedial.
paid and unpaid.
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PSY 560 Clinical Psychology

Interest in understanding the importance of diversity and cultural variations is
related to the understanding that
the willingness to seek treatment can vary by culture and ethnic background.
there are some cultural variations in symptom patterns.
there can be differing responses to treatments and interventions related to
cultural and ethnic differences.
all ofthe above
According to the National Comorbidity Survey, the three most common types
of psychological disorders are
anxiety disorders, impulse-control disorders and substance abuse disorders.
depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse disorders.
depression, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders.
substance-abuse disorders, relationship problems, depression.
A major sociocultural event that created an acute need for psychological test-
ing in the United States was
the establishment of psychology departments in major universities.
new requirement for public school education for all children.
the involvement of the country in WWI.
he establishment of the National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH).
A major development in 1946 that supported clinical psychology as an ap-
plied field that offered psychotherapy was
the VA’s launching of a program to support training in mental health disci-
plines.
the proliferation of child guidance clinics.
the development of psychoanalytic institutes.
the advent of professional organizations.
Which of the following is NOT a major feature of the psychodynamic approach
to psychotherapy?
Human behavior is derived from an internal struggle between meeting libidinal
needs and being socially appropriate.
Sexual abuse of children is widespread and responsible for many symptoms in
adults.
The ld, Ego, and Superego are major mental agencies that affect personality
development.
Defense mechanisms operate at an unconscious level to keep conflicts from
reaching consciousness.
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PSY 560 Clinical Psyc
40

11. Clinical treatment in the psychodynamic tradition would include:
uncovering intrapsychic activity to alleviate behavior problems.
using free association to unearth sources of symptoms.
developing insight through interpretations.
all of the above
The philosophical position which states that behavior is determined by the
perception of experience rather than the experience directly is
psychoanalytic.
phenomenology.
self-actualization.
Gestalt psychology.
13. Carl Rogers developed a humanistic therapy he termed
experimental.
client-centered.
Gestalt.
group therapy.
While many clinicians believe that developing more descriptive assessments
would be of benefit in both research and clinical settings, this is unlikely to
happen because
the benefit of an efficient shorthand for communicating about disorders out-
weighs all other considerations.
it would never be reliable and valid.
they are time consuming and therefore expensive.
the different theoretical approaches will probably never be able to agree on
the descriptions.
Which of the following statement accurately reflects the role of assessment in
treatment planning?
Since diagnoses based on thorough assessments tend to be very distinct, it
has been possible to define specific treatments for those diagnoses.
Psychodiagnostic assessment fits very neatly into the medical model.
Assessment can not only assist in the development of a treatment plan, but
can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment as well. institutes.
In real, every day practice, assessment has little relationship to treatment
planning.

PSY 560 Clinical Psychology

16. Forensic evaluations often are focused on questions related to
the prediction of dangerousness.
the likelihood of relapse.
understanding recidivism rates.
understanding the individual’s ability to form lasting relationships after
incarceration.
17. The main reason that it is so difficult to predict dangerousness is that
no relevant, valid measures exist to measure this behavior.
most clinicians refuse to work with clients who have been assaultive in the
past, so little data is available to use in making such predictions.
dangerousness is often comorbid with drug and alcohol abuse which renders
our instruments much less reliable.
the base rate for such behaviors is very low for most groups of people.
18. Which of the following is an example of a true negative outcome?
Mary’s pregnancy test came back negative, but she is actually pregnant.
Joe’s car was clocked speeding by a radar gun while he was going faster that
the posted speed limit.
Anna failed an exam because she hadn’t learned the information it covered.
Tony’s strep test came back negative, but he didn’t recover without antibiotic
treatment.
19. Research indicates that clinical intuition is
a result of highly developed specialized memory capacities.
based on excellent information-processing abilities.
often based on the same cognitive habits and biases common to other hu-
mans.
more accurate when based on larger amounts of information.
20. Among the sources of errors that can occur in the interview are
the clinician being much more intelligent than the client.
malingering and impression management.
client biases about the interview process.
all of the above
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PSY 560 Clinical Psychology

21. In order to improve informal observation methods, clinicians should
lengthen the first interview session to facilitate the sharing of anecdotal
information.
consult with other clinicians about information obtained during early inter-
views.
observe overt behaviors and place greater emphasis on them during the inter-
view.
focus on establishing a diagnosis as quickly as possible.
22. Why is it important to attempt to improve an observation’s ecological validity?
Greater ecological validity can help clinicians design treatment programs that
can be more easily implemented in home, school or work environments.
It is important that clinicians be aware of everyone’s carbon footprint.
The greater the ecological validity, the more sophisticated the diagnosis.
All of the above
When a researcher or clinician obtains information contained in records such
as medical reports or school transcripts, she
is risking violating the privacy of the subject or client.
is likely to be including non-essential information that might cloud clinical
judgment.
does not need to worry about confidentiality issues.
is using nonreactive or unobtrusive measurements.
24. Self-monitoring
requires the client to record various events and behaviors occurring in their
daily life.
is often used by behaviorally-oriented clinicians to establish base-rates of
behavior.
may not provide accurate information about addictive behavior.
all of the above
25. Another term for controlled observations is
analog behavior observations.
situation tests ..
contrived observations.
all of the above are synonymous with controlled observations
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Written Assignment for Unit One
Include your name, student number, course number, course title and unit number on each page
of your written assignment (this is for your protection in case your materials become separated).
Begin each written assignment by identifying the question number you are answering followed by
the actual question itself (in bold type).
Use a standard essay format for responses to all questions (i.e. an introduction, middle
paragraphs and conclusion).
Responses must be submitted as a MS Word Document only, typed double-spaced, using a
standard font (i.e. Times New Roman) and 12 point type size.
Word count is NOT one of the criteria that is used in assigning points to written assignments. However,
students who are successful in earning the maximum number of points tend to submit written assignments
that fall in the following ranges:
Undergraduate courses: 350 – 500 words or 1 – 2 pages.
Graduate courses: 500 – 750 words or 2 – 3 pages.
Doctoral courses: 750 – 1000 words or 4 – 5 pages.
Plagiarism
All work must be free of any form of plagiarism. Put written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut
and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook. Be sure to refer to
the course Syllabus for more details on plagiarism and proper citation styles.
Please answer ONE of the following:
1. Describe the differences between the Boulder model and the Vail model of clinical training.
What conclusions have been reached about the efficacy of statistical or actuarial predictions as
they relate to clinical prediction?