Impairment classification (1 of 1)

After reading about the variety of language impairments, choose one impairment and identify its etiology and classification. Discuss how that impairment affects a child’s psychosocial and cognitive development and provide examples of each. In addition, discuss how the impairment would have implications for the family of origin.

 

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Is Google trying to influence American citizens about politics? When you use Google to search, are you giving them the data to manipulate you as a voter? We know more people, especially young people, get most of their political news using a search engine linking to interesting articles for political information and news about political candidates. Now, imagine that your search results have been manipulated. Dr. Robert Epstein, Senior Research Psychologist at the American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, researched potential search engine manipulation and voter outcomes. “We’ve discovered that search engine rankings can be manipulated in ways that dramatically change voter preferences,” Epstein told PBS News Hour’s Hari Sreenivasan in a Google Hangout, April 2, 2013.

What Does This Mean?

The implications are huge because manipulating search engine results has the potential to determine who wins and who loses elections, according to Epstein. It means:

1. A company could influence the outcome of political elections.
2. No one would know they are being manipulated while it was happening.
3. There is no way to balance, correct, or counteract what the company manipulating you is doing.
4. Search engines alone can shift people’s vote.

How Are People Influenced?

Epstein found that search placement affects people’s thinking because we tend to place greater trust in higher-ranked search results. By manipulating those rankings, they are manipulating trust and applying it to political candidates.

Outcomes

Statistically, Epstein proved that voters decide to vote for a candidate and are effected by manipulation a full fifteen percent—that percentage is enough to determine the outcome of an election—worse, no one knows they are being manipulated. Search engine companies can support one candidate over another by altering rankings, and no one will know.

What about Traditional News Media?

The Obama 2012 Presidential campaign turned from using the long time and dominant medium of television advertising in political campaigns to the new “data analytics” to win the election vote by vote. It’s been called microtargeting or microlistening to “mine” for swing voters. The campaign created statistical models that coordinated voter attitudes and preferences on every imaginable issue, and developed software that allowed a national campaign to run like a local election—the interests and preferences of individual voters were data mined and used to swing the vote.

Statistics

• One “zettabyte” equals the number “1” with 21 zeros at the end.
• According to Siemens USA, a zettabyte is a full 50 percent MORE than all of the grains of sand on all of the beaches on Earth.
• If we project to 2020, all of the digital Big Data stored will reach 40 zettabytes.
• During the span of just one decade, the Big Data collected will increase fifty times.
• The Big Data collected on EACH man, woman and child will equal the content of 3 million books.

Money spent on online ads through mid-October 2012:

• Romney Campaign – $26 million
• Obama Campaign – $52 million

Percentage of votes cast for Obama by early voters in Hamilton, County, Ohio (Battleground State):

• Obama Campaign Model – 57.68%
• Actual Result – 57.16%

Television Commercials aired on TV Land (National Cable Level):

• Obama Campaign 1,710
• Romney Campaign 0

Obviously, the Obama Campaign successfully built virtual profiles of swing voters they believed were “in play” or could be swayed. Big Data was secured by getting data from vendors like Google and the campaign paired that data to potential swing voters. After the election, key investor, Google CEO Eric Schmidt, enabled those working in the campaign to continue data mining by keeping the team together under the new organization, Civic Analytics. The company only works for democratic candidates.

Is Big Data Smart Data?

Processes for collecting information (Big Data) is already in place. Capturing Big Data is one thing; analyzing it and making sense of it is another.  This is the next transition–understanding the data collected and creating usable reports and ideas that turn Big Data into Smart Data.

Directions

1. Read the Summary of a paper presented by Robert Epstein, Ph.D., and Ronald E. Robertson, Abstract: Democracy at Risk: Manipulating Search Rankings Can Shift Voter’s Preferences Substantially http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_and_Robertson_2013-Democracy_at_Risk-APS-summary-5-13.pdf
2. Read the article in MIT Technology Review, How President Obama’s Campaign Used Big Data to Rally Individual Voters by Sasha Issenberg. http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/509026/how-obamas-team-used-big-data-to-rally-voters/
3. Write a One-page response addressing the issue of Big Data and the manipulation of search engine rankings to dramatically change voter preferences. Is this the future of media in campaigns and elections?

 

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Ethical Code of Conduct

1. Write a 1500-1700 word essay in which you summarize your understanding of three ethics issues below:

Employee Behavior Issue – employees spending work time checking personal e-mails, using company’s equipment for personal use by printing invitation cards for wedding party, and misuse of company’s resources.

Employee Working Condition Issue – employers must be aware of the safety of their work environment and if they have compensated employees for all the time they have worked. The must also consider if they have required an employee to work an unreasonably long period of time or if they have him doing an unusually difficult task. Just like there are legal consequences for some unethical issues regarding employee behavior, there are also legal consequences for unethical working conditions. For example, an employer who requires an employee to work without pay or who creates an unsafe working environment can face legal action.

Discrimination and harassment Issue – Discrimination laws protect not only the obvious racial or sexual differences. The courts often find that the protections are applicable if the decision or action in question was based on a less familiar classifications listed at the beginning of this article. Accordingly, under 40 years old white man can be protected under the laws of discrimination if not hired because of their sexual orientation, arrest record or national origin. Even more familiar classifications as age, race and sex can lead to reverse discrimination cases say that this man was not hired because the employer would prefer a woman or an African-American, or a person over 40. In fact, the other categories themselves can produce combinations of discrimination – say that this man was not hired because he was not gay.

• Address their current validity.
• Identify at least two industries each issue is related to or affects.

1. Develop an Ethical Code of Conduct and support your ideas with material from your outside research.
   • You can base this on your current/past place of work or develop a generic one.

3.3. Create a conclusion to which you came in your analysis as to which was the ethical course of action.

1. Please provide at least three references to support your assignment paper.
2. Follow APA formatting.

Here is the grading rubric.

Criteria	Description	Point Value
Timeliness	Submitted by Day 7 of the week assigned	10 points
Information	Analyzes three ethical issues and relates them accurately to two separate industries and discusses their current level of validity in today’s corporate world. A logical Ethical Code of Conduct was completed.	40 points
Quality of Analysis	Reflects ability to integrate information and think clearly and creatively; all questions answered concisely and completely; offers sound analysis based on facts, uses a minimum of three valid resources to provide support.	30 points
Style	Thoughts expressed clearly and succinctly, free of grammar, punctuation, and other errors; cites sources using the appropriate APA style guide requirements, including in-text citations, footnotes, and bibliography	20 points

Papers are expected to follow APA documentation rules. The APA style guide is widely available online, and you can access an APA quick reference guide by clicking the following link:

The OWL at Purdue

 

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As a manager, it is important to understand how the business cycle affects supply and demand, prices, and how economic shocks will impact your company’s markets, supply chain, and financing. The recent collapse of the housing market, the near failure of our financial system, the wild swings in commodity and stock prices, and the deep recession of 2007-2009 provide a virtual laboratory for the study of the economic shocks and stabilization measures taken to restore equilibrium.

Create a 1,400-word analysis based on the Housing market in which you include the following:

•Analyze the economic and sociological forces that drove the market equilibrium to unsustainable heights and the shocks that brought the markets back down. What might be done to moderate the effects of these economic swings?

•Discuss specific changes in supply and demand. (this is the only part that needs to be done, needs to be 350 words, )

•Examine prior government policies and legislation that exacerbated the impact of the shocks.

•Evaluate the actions of the federal government and the Federal Reserve to restore equilibrium. How effective were these counter-cyclical policies?

Cite a minimum of three peer reviewed sources not including the text.

Format the assignment consistent with APA guidelines.

 

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